![]() ![]() This enables engineers to complete the same amount of work with less force by simply moving the load over a greater distance. However, nature does not specify exactly how this work may be accomplished. We know that a specific amount of work needs to be completed for a certain task. The more force applied and the further the load is moved, the more work is done. To understand how this is achieved, it is necessary to recall that work is done by applying force to a load and transporting it over some distance. Many engineers today, especially mechanical engineers, are interested in simple machines and their ability to carry out an immense amount of work with minimal effort. Following the lesson, students can employ their knowledge alongside their creativity in the hands-on associated activity Machines and Tools, Part II. These advantages, along with how engineers use them, will be discussed in today's lesson as we study these next three exceptional machines. ![]() Although one of the six simple machines is not superior to another, each machine offers its own distinct advantages for various engineering applications. These machines may sound unfamiliar initially, but it is likely you will recognize them when we reveal the many everyday applications, equipment, and appliances in which they are found. These include the lever, pulley, and wheel-and-axle. Today we are ready to learn about three more simple machines. Students should be familiar with the six simple machines, as discussed in Lesson 1 of this unit, The Advantage of Machines. International Technology and Engineering Educators Association - Technology In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared.Įxplanations of stability and change in natural or designed systems can be constructed by examining the changes over time and forces at different scales. For any given object, a larger force causes a larger change in motion.Īlignment agreement: Thanks for your feedback! All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. The greater the mass of the object, the greater the force needed to achieve the same change in motion. The motion of an object is determined by the sum of the forces acting on it if the total force on the object is not zero, its motion will change. ![]() Science knowledge is based upon logical and conceptual connections between evidence and explanations.Īlignment agreement: Thanks for your feedback! This lesson focuses on the following Three Dimensional Learning aspects of NGSS: Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object.Ĭlick to view other curriculum aligned to this Performance Expectation Discuss the mechanical advantage of a lever, pulley and wheel-and-axle.Identify how the lever, pulley, and wheel-and-axle are used in many familiar engineering systems today.Explain how the lever, pulley, and wheel-and-axle make work easier.The lever, pulley, and wheel-and-axle can be found in many engineered devices, such as a crowbar, crane, and bicycle.Īfter this lesson, students should be able to: Even the most complex machines designed by engineers today are a combination of one or more of the six known simple machines. ![]() In particular, engineers can design a simple machine which provides a desired mechanical advantage so that work can be done (more) efficiently and effectively. Simple machines are extremely valuable to engineers since they are used to accomplish extraordinary amounts of work with ease. This engineering curriculum aligns to Next Generation Science Standards ( NGSS). The mechanical advantage of these machines helps determine their ability to make work easier or make work faster. In general, engineers use the lever to magnify the force applied to an object, the pulley to lift heavy loads over a vertical path, and the wheel-and-axle to magnify the torque applied to an object. Students are introduced to three of the six simple machines used by many engineers: lever, pulley, and wheel-and-axle. ![]()
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